英语单词末尾加S的读音及变形方法
1、一般来说,s在元音或浊辅音后读[z},在清辅音后面读成[s],在[t]后与[t]在一起读成[ts],在[d]后与[d]一起读成[dz].
cups 杯子 days 日子 hands 手 hats 帽子
2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加-es,读[iz]
classes 班级 buses 公共汽车 boxes 盒子 watches 手表
3、以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,加-s,读作[z];以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es,读[iz].
boy-boys 男孩 army-armies 军队 story-stories 故事 factory-factories 工厂 baby-babies 宝贝
4、以o结尾的词,多数加-s,读[z].
kilo-kilos 公里 photo-photos 照片 tobacco-tobaccos 烟草 piano-pianos 钢琴
以元音字母+o结尾的词一律加-s,读[z].
zoo-zoos 动物园 radio-radios 收音机
少数以o结尾的词,在词尾加-es,读[z].
tomato-tomatoes 西红柿 hero-heroes 英雄 Negro-Negroes 黑人 potato-potatoes 土豆
5、以f或fe结尾的词,多数把f,fe变为v,再加-es,读[s].
leaf-leaves 树叶 thief-thieves 小偷 wife-wives 妻子 knife-knives 小刀 shelf-shelves 架子
6、不规则名词的复数形式.
(1)、通过变化单词内部元音字母,构成复杂形式.
man-men 男子 woman-women 女人 foot-feet 脚 goose-geese 鹅 tooth-teeth 牙齿 mouse-mice 老鼠 child-children 小孩
(2)、单数形式与复数形式相同
sheep-sheep 绵羊 deer-deer 鹿 Chinese-Chinese 中国人 Japanese-Japanese 日本人
规则的名词复数形式一般是在单词后加-s 或-es.其音法方法为:
情况 读法 例词
在/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/等清辅音后 /s/
Cups,hats,cakes,roofs
在/s/ /z/ /M/ /CM/ /DN/等音后 /iz/
glasses,gaces,roses,brushes,matches,bridges
在其它情况下 :/z/
Beds,days,cities,knives
以th收尾的词原读/θ/的,加词尾s后,多读/z/,例如:
mouth /P>7I/-mouths/P>7Iz/path /pa:θz/- paths /pa:Iz/
但也有不这样变的,如:
month /mΛnθ/ - months /mΛnθs/,length/lengθ/ - lengths/lengθs/,
另有些词可变可不变,如:
youth/ju:θ/ - youths/ju:θs/或/ju:θz/,truth/tru:θ/ - truths/tru:θs/或/tru:θz/.
动词的第三人称单数和名词所有格发音规则
动词的第三人称单数和名词所有格与名词的复数发音规则基本是一致的.
黑色的英文单词为black 英 [blæk] 美 [blæk]
adj. 黑色的;黑人的;邪恶的
n. 黑色;黑人;黑颜料
vt. 使变黑;把鞋油等涂在…上;把(眼眶)打成青肿
vi. 变黑
n. (Black)人名;(英、西)布莱克;(德、葡、捷)布拉克
black [blæk]
n.
1.
the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)
同义词: blackness / inkiness
2.
total absence of light
in the black of night
同义词: total darkness / lightlessness / blackness / pitch blackness
3.
British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799)
同义词: Joseph Black
4.
popular child actress of the 1930's (born in 1928)
同义词: Shirley Temple Black / Shirley Temple
5.
a person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa)
同义词: Black person / blackamoor / Negro / Negroid
6.
(board games) the darker pieces
7.
black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning)
the widow wore black
v.
make or become black
The smoke blackened the ceiling ; The ceiling blackened
同义词: blacken / melanize / melanise / nigrify
adj.
1.
being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light
black leather jackets ; as black as coal ; rich black soil
2.
of or belonging to a racial group having dark skin especially of sub-Saharan African origin
a great people--a black people--...injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization
3.
marked by anger or resentment or hostility
black looks ; black words
4.
stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable
black deeds ; a black lie ; his black heart has concocted yet another black deed
同义词: dark / sinister
5.
offering little or no hope
the future looked black
同义词: bleak / dim
6.
(of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin
同义词: calamitous / disastrous / fatal / fateful
7.
(of the face) made black especially as with suffused blood
a face black with fury
同义词: blackened
8.
extremely dark
a black moonless night ; through the pitch-black woods
同义词: pitch-black / pitch-dark
9.
harshly ironic or sinister
black humor
同义词: grim / mordant
10.
(of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading
black propaganda
11.
distributed or sold illicitly
the black economy pays no taxes
同义词: bootleg / black-market / contraband / smuggled
12.
(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame
Man...has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands
同义词: disgraceful / ignominious / inglorious / opprobrious / shameful
13.
(of coffee) without cream or sugar
14.
dressed in black
a black knight ; black friars
15.
soiled with dirt or soot
with feet black from playing outdoors ; his shirt was black within an hour
同义词: smutty
参考资料
WordNet:http://wordnet.***.edu/
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